Creating a healthy and sustainable garden

 Vocabulary

Fertilizer/Pruning/Composting




1. Fertilizer:

is a substance that is added to the soil to provide nutrients Example: To promote healthy growth in your garden, use a fertilizer

2 Pruning:

is removing dead or overgrown branches from a plant Example: Regular pruning can help your plant grow healthy

3 Composting:

is breaking organic matter into nutrients Example: You can bury your vegetable waste in your garden. It is an excellent way of composting which will improve your garden soil..

Listening/ Reading






Creating a healthy and sustainable garden



Gardening can be a rewarding and fulfilling activity for those individuals who love to work with plants and soil. There are always new techniques and practices that can help you create and maintain your garden. One of the fundamental principles of the garden is good planning and design. It is essential to consider the location of your garden and the climate of your area beforehand. For instance, if you live in a hot and humid climate, you may need to pick plants that are drought-tolerant and thrive in high temperatures. On the other hand, if you live in a region with a lot of rain you may have to select plants that can tolerate wet conditions. Another important aspect of gardening is soil preparation. Understanding the properties of your garden soil and how to amend it can help you to create optimal conditions for plant growth. If the soil is sandy, it may lack nutrients. Additions of fertilizers or compost may boost its quality. Plant selection is also a crucial consideration in planning a garden. Choosing plants that are suited to your environment, soil type and sun exposure can help ensure its success. Also, proper watering and pruning are critical parts of gardening, so it is important to water your plants according to their specific needs. Also, pruning can boost plant growth and promote healthy development. For example, removing dead or damaged branches can prevent the spread of diseases and improve the quality of your plants. Furthermore, there are several methods of pest and disease control including natural remedies such as the use of beneficial insects or companion planting, and chemical treatments, such as pesticides and fungicides. In conclusion, gardening is a complex activity that requires various knowledge including planning and design, soil preparation, plant selection, watering and pruning, and pest and disease control. By following these principles, you can create and maintain a beautiful garden that will give you enjoyment and pleasure.




Comprehension questions

1-What are the fundamental principles of gardening which individuals must consider before starting a garden?

(Answer: Before you start your garden it's essential to take into consideration the place of your garden, climate, and type of soil.) Paragraph 2

2-Why are proper watering and pruning important to gardening?

(Answer) : Proper watering ensures plants receive the necessary moisture they need to thrive, while pruning helps to manage plant growth and promote healthy development.) Paragraph 5.

Discussion

1 - What are the factors that can improve growth and health in a garden?

(Key elements: soil quality, sunlight exposure, water, and temperature).

2-What are some of the advantages of using organic gardening methods?

(Key elements: Reduced environmental impact, healthy soil, improved plant health, safer for humans and animals).

3- How can garden designers create a garden that is both beautiful and practical?

(Key elements: Balance between aesthetics and functionality, use of plants of different colors and textures, and integration of hardscaping elements).

Protecting and Encouraging Bird Life

 Vocabulary

1. Predators: /ˈprɛdətərz/

Meaning: Predators are animals that hunt and kill other animals for food.

Example sentence: Lions, tigers are some of the most well-known predators in the animal kingdom.

2. Shrubs: /ʃrʌbz/ Meaning: Shrubs are small to medium-sized woody plants with several stems

Example sentence: The garden is filled with a variety of beautiful shrubs such as camellias, and hibiscus.

Listening/ Reading


We should protect and encourage birds because they are important for the environment. To attract birds, we can feed them in the winter and provide them with water in the summer. We should protect these areas from predators and pets that kill birds. We can also build birdhouses and plant shrubs and trees that birds can use for shelter and food. Bird feeders, bird baths, and birdhouses can also to attract and provide shelter for birds.

Discussion

1. Why it is important to protect birdlife?

Key elements: Birds play a vital role in the ecosystem. They help pollinate plants, control pest populations and disperse seeds. Additionally, birds are important indicators of the health of an ecosystem, and changes in bird populations can signal larger ecological issues..

2. How we can protect endangered bird species?

Key elements: Some bird species need special protection because they are endangered, threatened, or vulnerable due to habitat loss, climate change, hunting, or other human activities. To protect these birds, we should take measures such as preserving their habitats, enforcing laws that protect them, and supporting conservation efforts..

3. How we can raise awareness of bird protection?

Key elements: Raising awareness about the importance of bird protection can involve educating people about the benefits of birds, sharing information about threats to bird populations, and encouraging people to take actions to protect birds (such as avoiding pesticide use). Other ways to raise awareness include organizing bird-watching events, and supporting conservation organizations..